Temperature and humidity have a significant effect on human comfort and health. The most comfortable humidity range is 40-60%, but air temperature and humidity are related in respect to comfort or perceived temperature. The combinations of temperature and humidity where people report comfort is termed the "comfort zone".
Heat related stress can result in increased fatigue, caused by increases in heart rate, blood pressure, sweat production, dehydration and collapse. The body becomes increasingly devoted to remaining cool, resulting in a reduced capacity for physical and mental work. The environments we provide for our staff and guests should therefore aim to be within the comfort zone.
Indoor Air Quality is an important issue in any workplace and public environment. The quality of indoor air has, in recent years, become of increasing concern. In an increasing effort to reduce construction and maintenance costs, the building industry has been developing cheaper and more effective products. Unfortunately, some of these, such as particle board, flooring surfaces and new adhesives release "off-gas" chemical compounds that pollute indoor air. Photocopying and laser printing processes release quantities of ozone. Cigarette smoke exposes not just the smoker, but also those in the vicinity of the contaminated area. Add to this the trend to recycle air through air conditioners and you have a cocktail that may affect the health of building occupants. This is particularly important when considering how much time is spent indoors.
Not all indoor air pollution is chemical in nature. Biological contaminants such as dust mites, moulds, fungi, spores, pollen and bacteria can also cause health problems, including allergic reactions and infections.
Prevention and problem solving of indoor air quality problems involves two main actions - the management of pollutant sources and the use of ventilation to control pollutants. Many problems can be prevented and solved using the skills of members of the staff of your workplace.
Legionella is a form of microbial contamination. Other microbes can contaminate air-conditioning units and cooling towers which can result in other health problems for workers and visitors such as respiratory sensitisation and building related illness, or 'sick building syndrome'. It is essential to maintain good indoor air quality at all times.
Extra care needs to be taken when working in confined spaces, particularly in regard to air quality when using hazardous substances.
The Department of Industrial Relations website has more information on workplace health and safety including advisory standards, brochures and guides.
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© The State of Queensland (Queensland Health) 2008.
